Unusual Sandwich Concept Evolves Into Booming Franchise Business

 

Find out how Schlotzsky’s Deli has grown from a one-sandwich concept to a nationwide restaurant franchising success story.

 

For all business owners, each new day brings with it a fresh set of challenges. From raising capital to hiring the right employees to staying ahead of the competition, the hurdles are many. But for John Wooley, CEO and president of Schlotzsky’s Deli, sometimes it comes down to just finding the right barbecue sandwich recipe for his franchisees. “When you’re doing business with individual entrepreneurs in 38 states, you’re dealing with a lot of different personalities and tastes,” says Wooley. “We have about 500 different business owners. In Georgia, barbecue is pulled pork with barbecue sauce, and in Tennessee, they use pork with another type of barbecue sauce, but when you get to Texas, they use beef with a completely different type of barbecue sauce.”

 

But finding solutions to such problems in all in a day's work for the head of a national restaurant franchise chain.

 

The now-famous Schlotzsky’s Deli franchise chain was founded by Don Dissman in 1971 in Austin, Texas, with one sandwich: the "Original Schlotzsky's," inspired by the New Orleans-style muffuletta, a sandwich made with a large round roll of Italian bread split in half and filled with layers of hard salami, ham, provolone cheese and olive salad. Schlotzsky's version of this regional favorite combines three meats, three cheeses and a blend of marinated black olives, lettuce and tomatoes, onions and mustard, all layered on a unique, baked-from-scratch bread.

 

People came from all over Austin and the far corners of Texas for Schlotzsky’s Original sandwich. The demand was so great that the company started franchising, and by 1981, when Wooley purchased the chain from the now-deceased Dissman, its sandwich shops could be found in 13 states -- a reflection of customer demand, brand loyalty and a growing market.

 

Twenty-eight years after its inception, Schlotzsky's Deli has grown from a one-sandwich concept into a national chain dedicated to quick-service, upscale, adult food. With system wide sales currently at $348.5 million, Schlotzsky's operates 755 restaurants in 38 states, the District of Columbia and 15 foreign countries. The publicly held company, which employs 159 persons at its corporate headquarters, has coined a motto to celebrate its humble beginnings: "Funny name. Serious sandwich."

 

The Evolution of a Franchise

Neither Wooley nor his business partner, brother Jeffrey, had experience in the restaurant industry when they purchased the Schlotzsky's chain, but the duo decided it was a sound financial investment. Wooley says what he saw in the opportunity was a product that was in high demand. “You can build on that and make a business out of it," he explains. "What it lacked was a sophisticated business organization and systems. The company was making a little bit of money, but we felt there were a lot of things that needed to be improved upon.”

 

With that, Wooley set out to grow the company, which already had annual system wide sales of about $18.5 million. Initially, he made few changes, opting instead to seek input from franchisees. “We found that we had to move very slowly because the stores were spread out in a lot of states, and the many different people involved had many different ideas,” says Wooley. It took a full decade before any significant changes were implemented -- partially because Wooley wanted to take his time, doing research and experimenting with various ideas. At the same time, the nation’s economy was in a major slump, and interest rates were at an all-time high.

 

Then, in 1991, Wooley began implementing the changes he had been slowly developing. “I think we’re much better off that we took 10 years just to get ready,” he says. “While we weren’t restaurateurs when we came in, 10 years later -- with the help of our franchisees -- we gained a lot of experience. Plus, it was a much better economic time to make changes.”

 

Taking It to the Next Level

The changes that Wooley implemented at Schlotzsky’s included a renewed commitment to the roots of the concept’s origin: the muffuletta sandwich created in a little Italian grocery store in the French Quarter of New Orleans. “Whenever you can go to the point of original inspiration of something, you can learn a lot,” Wooley explains. In 1992, Schlotzsky’s also expanded its menu to offer 15 sandwiches with four varieties of bread, 10 pizzas (which feature the same bun mix used to make the restaurant’s bread) and five salads, in addition to the soups and other offerings already on the menu.

 

Finally, Wooley implemented the idea of regionally appropriate sandwiches to satisfy the diverse tastes of Schlotzksy's customers across the nation. While that may sound like a logical solution, it wasn't the right solution, according to Wooley. He explains: “We have a standard menu that only allows for slight variation. We do this because the consumer gets confused if a restaurant has 50 different types of products. That’s the power of branding: You have to be the same everywhere to avoid confusing consumers.”

 

To overcome the problem of satisfying myriad tastes, Wooley says he and his management team listen to their franchisees, while also educating them about how the different franchisees and the franchiser itself fit together to complete a successful puzzle. “We have to pick one formula and stand for it,” he says. “We listen, we educate, and then we decide on a way that we can all sell Schlotzsky’s in the same manner.”

 

To roll out all of these changes on a national level, Wooley needed capital. The first step was to get venture capital, which occurred in 1993. Then, the company conducted an initial public offering in late 1995, which raised $25 million; a second round in 1997 raised another $29 million. The next step involved an ambitious effort to attract more franchisees. To do this, Wooley and other Schlotzsky’s employees worked around the clock, seven days a week, for two full years, attending trade and franchise shows. And the effort paid off: Altogether, about 350 additional franchisees came on board to help drive the company’s growth.

 

As the concept and menu at Schlotzsky’s evolved, so did the restaurant’s appearance. In 1997, a new concept prototype was unveiled in Bastrop, Texas, which was the culmination of 25 years of research, testing and operations experience. Warmer and friendlier than past models, the new design concept features wood furniture, burnished copper table bases, an expanded drink station and a larger front-counter service area. “The dining room is especially inviting, illuminated by natural light pouring in from windows on three sides and the soft warmth of tonal lighting,” describes Wooley. “All in all, the new prototype is just what we wanted it to be: home.”

 

At Schlotzsky’s, the parent company takes on the expensive and time-consuming chores of building the restaurant. About 40 percent to 50 percent of new franchisees take advantage of the opportunity in which the franchisee assumes a mortgage, eventually owning the location once it pays down its debts. This mortgage-backed system recently replaced a lease system. Franchisees also have the option of doing their own financing and building their own restaurant to Schlotzsky’s specifications.

 

Throughout the restaurant’s history, the Schlotzsky’s system has embraced a philosophy of giving back to the community, an involvement shared by its growing number of licensed operators. Sponsorship of high-profile charity events, like Bun Run® races around the United States, has led to what Wooley calls “ferocious customer loyalty.” And the Austin Bun Run 5K Race is now one of the largest of its kind in the country, raising more than $500,000 for local children’s charities.

 

Speaking to a National Audience

In an effort to get its name in front of new customers, the 28-year old Schlotzsky's recently announced the launch of its first-ever national network television advertising campaign. Four, 15-second network television spots were developed to help enhance brand awareness and to reinforce the quality and originality of the Schlotzsky's product. As a result of the advertising, Wooley says he’s “pleased to see significant movement in same-store sales in several less-established markets, far from our base in Texas.” For example, he says, sales in Fresno, Calif., were up 13 percent, and Chicago was up 8.4 percent.

 

The first ad run premiered to an estimated 25 million viewers, and ran until May 2, 1999. A second and third flight of network advertising followed in July and October, with spots airing on prime time, late-night and early-morning programs on major national broadcast and cable networks. Research indicated that the $14 million campaign would reach an estimated 50 million target consumers.

 

Dealing With a Diverse Group of Franchisees

Throughout his years in the restaurant industry, Wooley has provided business opportunities to hundreds of franchisees, then watched as they’ve not only become successful entrepreneurs, but also vital components of their communities by employing thousands of people across the nation. And while the successes have been many, the lessons have often been tough. Many of those lessons, he says, have come in the form of dealing with franchisees.

 

“If someone is looking at coming into a franchise, they have to think about their own personality and attitude, and decide whether or not they’re willing to work within a system,” says Wooley. “Even though you own your own franchise, there are still going to be a lot of ‘rules of the road’ to follow, and you won’t always get to do exactly what you want to do because you’re a part of a brand. For some people, this is a tough pill to swallow. Others just go with the natural flow." Wooley explains that good franchisees have to be willing to collaborate and cooperate. "People tend to overlook this fact, which leads to difficulties in the long run,” he says.

 

Because Wooley speaks frankly to potential franchisees about the company's expectations, many of those who attend Schlotzsky’s training classes do go on to run their own successful restaurants. For example, Charles Reed, a former human resources manager at an international oil company, along with his wife Clara, set out to make it in the business as Schlotzsky’s Deli licensed operators back in 1993. So the pair bought an existing Schlotzsky’s Deli in Plano, Texas, 30 miles north of Dallas. Today, they have five restaurants. “My experience in human resources has helped a lot with the franchising endeavor,” says Reed. “To be a good franchisee, it all starts with the people you hire. They determine how successful you will be.”

 

In another Schlotzsky’s success story, Don and Tina Stitt of Amarillo, Texas, have opened four restaurants in the last seven years. Their decision to become franchisees was based on their belief that the concept was sound: “The strength of the concept is what makes Schlotzsky’s Deli unique,” says Don Stitt. “I could see it was an organized company, and heading in the right direction.”

 

According to Wooley, much of his franchisees’ enthusiasm is a result of Schlotzsky’s original, unique concept. He explains: “There is no other similar product out there in the quick-service restaurant arena. It’s as simple as this: People want something that tastes good, and they want a variety.” “We offer quality, and every restaurant bakes from scratch (as opposed to the frozen dough that many fast-food chains use) everyday, and uses a variety of ingredients. If you want a hamburger, there are many different places where you can get one. But if you want Schlotzsky’s-style products, we’re the only place that has them.”

 

Company Snapshot:

Company:       Schlotzsky’s Deli

URL:               www.schlotzskys.com

President/CEO: John Wooley          

Industry:           Food Service

Location:         Austin, Texas

Employees:     159 (corporate), plus franchise employees

Revenues:       $348.5 million

 

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